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Gebruiker:Ecritures/Timeline of abolition of slavery and serfdom

< Gebruiker:Ecritures
Date Jurisdiction Description
1503 { {Flag|Castile}} Native Americans allowed to travel to Spain only on their own free will.
1512 The Laws of Burgos establish limits to the treatment of natives in the Encomienda system.
1518 [[Bestand:Vlag {{{code}}}.png|20px|border|Vlag]] Spain Decree of Charles V establishing the importation of African slaves to the Americas, under monopoly of Laurent de Gouvenot, in an attempt to discourage enslavement of Native Americans.
1528 Charles V forbids the transportation of Native Americans to Europe, even on their own will, in an effort to curtail their enslavement. Encomiendas are banned from collecting tribute in gold with the reasoning that Natives were selling their children to get it.
1530 Outright slavery of Native Americans under any circumstance is banned. However, forced labor under the Encomienda continues.
1536 The Welser family is dispossessed of the Asiento monopoly (granted in 1528) following complaints about their treatment of Native American workers in Venezuela.
1537 New World Pope Paul III forbids slavery of the indigenous peoples of the Americas and any other population to be discovered, establishing their right to freedom and property (Sublimis Deus).[1]
1542 [[Bestand:Vlag {{{code}}}.png|20px|border|Vlag]] Spain The New Laws ban slave raiding in the Americas and abolish the slavery of natives, but replace it with other systems of forced labor like the repartimiento. Slavery of Black Africans continues.[2] New limits are imposed to the Encomienda.
1549 Encomiendas banned from using forced labor.
1550-1551 Valladolid Debate on the innate rights of indigenous peoples of the Americas.
1552 Bartolomé de las Casas, who had once defended the importation of African slaves as a way to protect Native Americans, also condemns African slavery.
1569 Kingdom of England}} An English court case involving Cartwright, who had brought a slave from Russia, is said—on the basis of a summary written more than a century later—to have ruled slavery illegal in England, but appears to have been more about the nature of legally acceptable punishment than slavery per se, and certainly did not soon become a recognized precedent for outlawing slavery as slaves continued to be bought and sold in Liverpool and London markets without legal hindrance into the 18th century. See the article "Slavery at common law".
1570 Portugal|1578}} King Sebastian of Portugal bans the enslavement of Native Americans under Portuguese rule, allowing only the enslavement of hostile ones. This law was highly influenced by the Society of Jesus, which had missionaries in direct contact with Brazilian tribes.
1574 Kingdom of England}} Last remaining serfs emancipated by Elizabeth I.[3]
Philippines|1535}} Slavery abolished by royal decree.[4]
1588 Lithuania The Third Statute of Lithuania abolishes slavery.[5]
1590 Japan|1870}} Toyotomi Hideyoshi bans slavery except as punishment for criminals.
1595 Portugal|1578}} Trade of Chinese slaves banned.[6]
1602 Kingdom of England}} The Clifton Star Chamber Case set a precedent, that impressing / enslaving children to serve as actors was illegal.
1609 [[Bestand:Vlag {{{code}}}.png|20px|border|Vlag]] Spain The Moriscos, many of whom are serfs, are expelled from Peninsular Spain unless they become slaves voluntarily (known as moros cortados, "cut Moors") However, a large proportion avoid expulsion or manage to return..
1624 Portugal|1578}} Enslavement of Chinese banned.[7][8]
1649 Russia The sale of Russian slaves to Muslims is banned.
1652 Providence Plantations Roger Williams and Samuel Gorton work to pass legislation abolishing slavery in Providence Plantations, the first law of its kind in North America.
1679 Russia|1668}} Feodor III converts all Russian field slaves into serfs.[9]
1683 [[Bestand:Vlag {{{code}}}.png|20px|border|Vlag]] Spanish Chile Slavery of Mapuche prisoners of war abolished.[10]
1687 [[Bestand:Vlag {{{code}}}.png|20px|border|Vlag]] Spanish Florida Slaves fugitive from British colonies granted freedom in return for conversion to Catholicism and four years of military service.
1688 Pennsylvania The Germantown Quaker Petition Against Slavery is the first public protest against African-American slavery in what would become the United States.
Date Jurisdiction Description
1703 Ottoman Empire The forced conversion and induction of Christian children into the army known as Devshirme or "Blood Tax", is abolished.
1706 Kingdom of England}} In Smith v. Browne & Cooper, Sir John Holt, Lord Chief Justice of England, rules that "as soon as a Negro comes into England, he becomes free. One may be a villein in England, but not a slave."
1711-1712 Imereti Slave trade banned by Mamia I of Imereti.
1712 Spain|1701}} Moros cortados expelled.
1715 North Carolina

South Carolina 		Native American slave trade in the American Southeast reduces with the outbreak of the Yamasee War.
1723 Russian Empire}} Peter the Great converts all house slaves into house serfs, effectively making slavery illegal in Russia.
1723–1730 Qing Dynasty The Yongzheng emancipation seeks to free all slaves to strengthen the autocratic ruler through a kind of social leveling that creates an undifferentiated class of free subjects under the throne. Although these new regulations freed the vast majority of slaves, wealthy families continued to use slave labor into the twentieth century.[11]
1732 Georgia Province established without black slavery in sharp contrast to neighboring Carolina. In 1738, James Oglethorpe warns against changing that policy, which would "occasion the misery of thousands in Africa." Native American slavery is legal throughout, however, and black slavery is later introduced in 1749.
1738 [[Bestand:Vlag {{{code}}}.png|20px|border|Vlag]] Spanish Florida Fort Mosé, the first legal settlement of free blacks in what is today the United States, is established. Word of the settlement sparks the Stono Rebellion in South Carolina the following year.
1761 Portugal|1750}} The Marquis of Pombal bans the importation of slaves to metropolitan Portugal
1766 Spain|1701}} Muhammad III of Morocco purchases the freedom of all Muslim slaves in Seville, Cádiz, and Barcelona.
1772 Kingdom of England}} Somersett's case rules that no slave can be forcibly removed from England. This case was generally taken at the time to have decided that the condition of slavery did not exist under English law in England and Wales, and emancipated the remaining ten to fourteen thousand slaves or possible slaves in England and Wales, who were mostly domestic servants.[12]
1773 Portugal|1750}} A new decree by the Marquis of Pombal, signed by the king Dom José, emancipates fourth-generation slaves and every child born to an enslaved mother after the decree was published.
1774 East India Company Government of Bengal passed regulations 9, and 10 of 1774, prohibiting the trade in slaves without written deed, and the sale of anyone not already enslaved.[13]
1775 Virginia Dunmore's Proclamation promises freedom to slaves who desert rebels and join the royal army as Black Loyalists.
[[Bestand:Vlag {{{code}}}.png|20px|border|Vlag]] Pennsylvania Pennsylvania Abolition Society formed in Philadelphia, the first abolition society within the territory that is now the United States of America.
United States|1776}} Atlantic slave trade banned or suspended during the American Revolutionary War. This was part of the 13 colonies overall policy of refusing to import anything from Britain, as an attempt to cut all economic ties with Britain during the war.[14]
1777 [[Bestand:Vlag {{{code}}}.png|20px|border|Vlag]] Madeira Slavery abolished.
Vermont Republic|name=Vermont}} The Constitution of the Vermont Republic partially bans slavery, freeing men over 21 and women older than 18 at the time of its passage.[15] The ban is not strongly enforced.[16]
1778 Scotland}} Joseph Knight successfully argues that Scots law cannot support the status of slavery.[17]
1779 British America The Philipsburg Proclamation frees all slaves who desert rebels, regardless of their willingness to fight for the Crown. However, at the same time, it enslaves all blacks captured while holding arms for the Continental Army.
1780 [[Bestand:Vlag {{{code}}}.png|20px|border|Vlag]] Pennsylvania An Act for the Gradual Abolition of Slavery passed, freeing future children of slaves. Those born prior to the Act remain enslaved for life. The Act becomes a model for other Northern states. Last slaves freed 1847.
1783 Russia}} Slavery abolished in the recently annexed Crimean Khanate.[18]
Massachusetts Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court rules slavery unconstitutional, a decision based on the 1780 Massachusetts constitution. All slaves are immediately freed.
Holy Roman Empire}} Joseph II abolishes slavery in Bukovina.[19]
New Hampshire Gradual abolition of slavery begins.
1784 Connecticut Gradual abolition of slavery, freeing future children of slaves, and later all slaves.
Rhode Island Gradual abolition of slavery begins.
1786 New South Wales A no slavery policy is adopted by governor-designate Arthur Phillip for the soon-to-be established colony.
1787 United States|1777}} The United States in Congress Assembled passes the Northwest Ordinance of 1787, outlawing any new slavery in the Northwest Territories.
Sierra Leone Founded by Great Britain as a colony for emancipated slaves.
{ {Flagcountry|Kingdom of Great Britain}} Society for the Abolition of the Slave Trade founded in Great Britain.
1788 Sir William Dolben's Act regulating the conditions on British slave ships enacted.
Kingdom of France}} Abolitionist Society of the Friends of the Blacks founded in Paris.
Denmark}} Limits imposed to serfdom under the Stavnsbånd system.
1789 Kingdom of France}} Last remaining seigneurial privileges over peasants abolished.
1791 Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth|name=Poland-Lithuania}} The Constitution of May 3, 1791 introduced elements of political equality between townspeople and nobility, and placed the peasants under the protection of the government; thus, it mitigated the worst abuses of serfdom.
1791 Kingdom of France|1790}} Emancipation of second-generation slaves in the colonies.
1792 Denmark-Norway}} Transatlantic slave trade declared illegal after 1803, though slavery continues in Danish colonies to 1848.[20]
1792 [[Bestand:Vlag {{{code}}}.png|20px|border|Vlag]] Saint Helena The importation of slaves to the island of Saint Helena was banned in 1792, but the phased emancipation of over 800 resident slaves did not take place until 1827, which was still some six years before the British parliament passed legislation to ban slavery in the colonies.
1793 Saint-Domingue Commissioner Leger-Felicite Sonthonax abolishes slavery in the northern part of the colony. His colleague Etienne Polverel does the same in the rest of the territory in October.
Upper Canada}} Importation of slaves banned by the Act Against Slavery.
1794 French First Republic}} Slavery abolished in all French territories and possessions.
United States|1777}} The Slave Trade Act bans both American ships from participating in the slave trade and the export of slaves in foreign ships.
Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth|name=Poland-Lithuania}} The Proclamation of Połaniec, issued during the Kościuszko Uprising, partially abolished serfdom in Poland, and granted substantial civil liberties to all peasants.
1798 [[Bestand:Vlag {{{code}}}.png|20px|border|Vlag]] Occupied Malta Slavery banned in the islands after their capture by Napoleon.[21]
1799 New York|1778}} Gradual emancipation act freeing the future children of slaves, and all slaves in 1827.[22]
Scotland}} The Colliers (Scotland) Act 1799 ends the legal servitude or slavery of coal and salt miners that had been established in 1606.
Date Jurisdiction Description
1800 United States|1795}} American citizens banned from investment and employment in the international slave trade in an additional Slave Trade Act.
1802 French First Republic}} Napoleon re-introduces slavery in sugarcane-growing colonies.
[[Bestand:Vlag {{{code}}}.png|20px|border|Vlag]] Ohio State constitution abolishes slavery.
1803 Denmark-Norway}} Abolition of transatlantic slave trade takes effect on January 1.
1804 New Jersey}} Slavery abolished.
Haiti|1803}} Haiti declares independence and abolishes slavery.
1804–1813 Serbia Local slaves emancipated.
1805 United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland}} A bill for abolition passes in House of Commons but is rejected in the House of Lords.
1806 { {Flag|United States|1795}} In a message to Congress, Thomas Jefferson calls for criminalizing the international slave trade, asking Congress to "withdraw the citizens of the United States from all further participation in those violations of human rights … which the morality, the reputation, and the best of our country have long been eager to proscribe."
1807 International slave trade made a felony in Act Prohibiting Importation of Slaves; this act takes effect on 1 January 1808, the earliest date permitted under the Constitution.The domestic trade in slaves in the United States continued until 1865.
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland}} Abolition of the Slave Trade Act abolishes slave trading in British Empire. Captains fined £120 per slave transported. Patrols sent to the African coast to arrest slaving vessels. The West Africa Squadron (Royal Navy) is established to suppress slave trading; by 1865, nearly 150,000 people freed by anti-slavery operations.
[[Bestand:Vlag {{{code}}}.png|20px|border|Vlag]] Warsaw Constitution abolishes serfdom.
Prussia|1803}} The Stein-Hardenberg Reforms abolish serfdom.[23]
[[Bestand:Vlag {{{code}}}.png|20px|border|Vlag]] Michigan Territory Judge Augustus Woodward denies the return of two slaves owned by a man in Windsor, Upper Canada. Woodward declares that any man "coming into this Territory is by law of the land a freeman."[24]
1808 United States|1795}} Importation and exportation of slaves made a crime.[25]
1810 New Spain Independence leader Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla demands the abolition of slavery.
1811 United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland}} Slave trading made a felony punishable by transportation for both British subjects and foreigners.
Spain|1785}} The Cortes of Cádiz abolish the last remaining seigneurial rights.
British East India Company The Company issued regulations 10 of 1811, prohibiting the transport of slaves into Company territory, adding to the 1774 restrictions.[13]
Chile|1812}} The First National Congress approves a proposal of Manuel de Salas that declares Freedom of Wombs, freeing the children of slaves born in Chilean territory, regardless of their parents' condition. The slave trade is banned and the slaves who stay for more than six months in Chilean territory are automatically declared freedmen.
1812 Spain|1785}} The Cortes of Cádiz passes the Spanish Constitution of 1812, giving citizenship and equal rights to all residents in Spain and her territories, excluding slaves. During deliberations, Deputies José Miguel Guridi y Alcocer and Agustín Argüelles unsuccessfully argue for the abolition of slavery.
1813 New Spain Independence leader José María Morelos y Pavón declares slavery abolished in the documents Sentimientos de la Nación.
La Plata Law of Wombs passed by the Assembly of Year XIII. Slaves born after 31 January 1813 will be granted freedom when they are married, or on their 16th birthday for women and 20th for men, and upon their manumission will be given land and tools to work it.[26]
1814 La Plata After the occupation of Montevideo, all slaves born in modern Uruguayan territory are declared free.
Netherlands}} Slave trade abolished.
1815 French First Republic}} Napoleon abolishes the slave trade.
Portugal|1750}} Slave trade banned north of the Equator in return for a £750,000 payment by Britain.
[[Bestand:Vlag {{{code}}}.png|20px|border|Vlag]] Florida British withdrawing after the War of 1812 leave a fully armed fort in the hands of maroons, escaped slaves and their descendants, and their Seminole allies. Becomes known as Negro Fort.
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland}}

{ {Flag|Portugal|1750}}

Sweden-Norway

{ {Flagcountry|Bourbon Restoration}}

[[Bestand:Vlag {{{code}}}.png|20px|border|Vlag]] Austria

{ {Flag|Russia}}

{ {Flag|Spain|1785}}

{ {Flag|Prussia|1803}} 		The Congress of Vienna declares its opposition to slavery.[27]
1816 Estonia Serfdom abolished.
[[Bestand:Vlag {{{code}}}.png|20px|border|Vlag]] Florida Negro Fort destroyed in the Battle of Negro Fort by U.S. forces under the command of General Andrew Jackson.
Algeria Algiers bombarded by the British and Dutch navies in an attempt to end North African piracy and slave raiding in the Mediterranean. 3,000 slaves freed.
1817 Courland Serfdom abolished.
Spain|1785}} Ferdinand VII signs a cedula banning the importation of slaves in Spanish possessions beginning in 1820, in return for a £400,000 payment from Britain. However, some slaves are still smuggled in after this date. Both slave ownership and internal commerce in slaves remained legal.
Venezuela Simon Bolivar calls for the abolition of slavery.
New York|1778}} 4 July 1827 set as date to free all ex-slaves from indenture.
La Plata Constitution supports the abolition of slavery, but does not ban it.
1818 United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland}}

{ {Flag|Spain|1785}} 		Bilateral treaty abolishing the slave trade.
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland}}

{ {Flag|Portugal|1816}} 		Bilateral treaty abolishing the slave trade.
Bourbon Restoration}} Slave trade banned.
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland}}

{ {Flag|Netherlands}} 		Bilateral treaty taking additional measures to enforce the 1814 ban on slave trading.
1819 Livonia Serfdom abolished.
[[Bestand:Vlag {{{code}}}.png|20px|border|Vlag]] Upper Canada Attorney-General John Robinson declares all black residents free.
Hawaii|1816}} The ancient Hawaiian kapu system is abolished during the ʻAi Noa, and with it the distinction between the kauwā slave class and the makaʻāinana (commoners).[28]
1820 United States|1820}} The Compromise of 1820 bans slavery north of the 36º 30' line; the Act to Protect the Commerce of the United States and Punish the Crime of Piracy is amended to consider the maritime slave trade as piracy, making it punishable with death.
Indiana The supreme court orders almost all slaves in the state to be freed in Polly v. Lasselle.
Spain|1785}} The 1817 abolition of the slave trade takes effect.[29]
1821 First Mexican Empire|1821|name=Mexico}} The Plan of Iguala frees the slaves born in Mexico.
United States|1820}}

{ {Flag|Spain|1785}} 		In accordance with Adams–Onís Treaty of 1819, Florida becomes a territory of the United States. A main reason was Spain's inability or unwillingness to capture and return escaped slaves.
Peru Abolition of slave trade and implementation of a plan to gradually end slavery.
Gran Colombia}} Emancipation for sons and daughters born to slave mothers, program for compensated emancipation set.[30]
1822 [[Bestand:Vlag {{{code}}}.png|20px|border|Vlag]] Haiti Jean Pierre Boyer annexes Spanish Haiti and abolishes slavery there.
[[Bestand:Vlag {{{code}}}.png|20px|border|Vlag]] Liberia Founded by the American Colonization Society as a colony for emancipated slaves.
[[Bestand:Vlag {{{code}}}.png|20px|border|Vlag]] Muscat and Oman

{ {Flag|United Kingdom}} 		First bilateral treaty limiting the slave trade in Zanzibar.
1823 Chile}} Slavery abolished.
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland}} The Anti-Slavery Society is founded.
1823 Greece}} Prohibition of slavery is enshrined in the Greek Constitution of 1823, during the Greek War of Independence.
1824 Mexico|1823}} The new constitution effectively abolishes slavery.
Central America Slavery abolished.
1825 Uruguay Importation of slaves banned.
[[Bestand:Vlag {{{code}}}.png|20px|border|Vlag]] Haiti France, with warships at the ready, demanded Haiti compensate France for its loss of slaves and its slave colony
1827 United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland}}

Sweden-Norway 		Bilateral treaty abolishing the slave trade.
New York|1778}} Last vestiges of slavery abolished. Children born between 1799 and 1827 are indentured until age 25 (females) or age 28 (males).[31]
[[Bestand:Vlag {{{code}}}.png|20px|border|Vlag]] Saint Helena Phased emancipation of over 800 resident slaves, some six years before the British parliament passed legislation to ban slavery in all colonies.
1829 Mexico|1823}} Last slaves freed just as the first president of partial African ancestry (Vicente Guerrero) is elected.
Date Jurisdiction Description
1830 Coahuila y Tejas Mexican President Anastasio Bustamante attempts to implement the abolition of slavery. To circumvent the law, Anglo-Texans declare their slaves "indentured servants for life."[32]
1830 Uruguay}} Slavery abolished.
Ottoman Empire}} Mahmud II issues a firman freeing all white slaves.
1831 Bolivia Slavery abolished.
[[Bestand:Vlag {{{code}}}.png|20px|border|Vlag]] Brazil Law of 7 November 1831, abolishing the maritime slave trade, banning any importation of slaves, and granting freedom to slaves illegally imported into Brazil. The law was seldom enforced prior to 1850, when Brazil, under British pressure, adopted additional legislation to criminalize the importation of slaves.
1832 Kingdom of Greece|1822|name=Greece}} Slavery abolished with independence.
1832 Coahuila y Tejas Anahuac Disturbances: Juan Davis Bradburn, American-born Mexican officer at Anahuac,Texas, confronts slave-owning American settlers, enforcing Mexican abolition of slavery and refusing to hand over two escaped slaves.
1834 United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland}} The Slavery Abolition Act 1833 comes into force, abolishing slavery throughout most of the British Empire but on a gradual basis over the next six years.[33] Legally frees 700,000 in the West Indies, 20,000 in Mauritius, and 40,000 in South Africa. The exceptions are the territories controlled by the East India Company and Ceylon.
July Monarchy}} French Society for the Abolition of Slavery founded in Paris.
1835 Principality of Serbia|name=Serbia}} Freedom granted to all slaves in the moment they step on Serb soil.[34]
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland}}

{ {Flagcountry|July Monarchy}} 		Bilateral treaties abolishing the slave trade.
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland}}

{ {Flag|Denmark}}
Peru|1825}} A decree of Felipe Santiago Salaverry re-legalizes the importation of slaves from other Latin American countries. The line "no slave shall enter Peru without becoming free" is taken out of the Constitution in 1839.
1836 Portugal|1830}} Prime Minister Sá da Bandeira bans the transatlantic slave trade and the importation and exportation of slaves from, or to the Portuguese colonies south of the equator.
Republic of Texas|1836|name=Texas}} Slavery made legal again with independence.
1837 Spain|1785}} Slavery abolished outside of the colonies.
1838 United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland}} All slaves in the colonies become free after a period of forced apprenticeship following the Slavery Abolition Act 1833.
1839 United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland}} The British and Foreign Anti-Slavery Society (today known as Anti-Slavery International) replaces the Anti-Slavery Society.
East India Company The Indian indenture system is abolished in territories controlled by the Company, but this is reversed in 1842.
[[Bestand:Vlag {{{code}}}.png|20px|border|Vlag]] Catholic Church Pope Gregory XVI's In supremo apostolatus resoundingly condemns slavery and the slave trade.
1840 United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland}}

{ {Flag|Venezuela|1836}} 		Bilateral treaty abolishing the slave trade.
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland}} First World Anti-Slavery Convention meets in London.
New Zealand|1834}} Taking slaves banned by Treaty of Waitangi[35]
1841 United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland}}

{ {Flagcountry|July Monarchy}}

{ {Flag|Russia}}

{ {Flag|Prussia|1803}}

[[Bestand:Vlag {{{code}}}.png|20px|border|Vlag]] Austria 		Quintuple Treaty agreeing to suppress the slave trade.
United States|1837}} United States v. The Amistad finds that the slaves of La Amistad were illegally enslaved and were legally allowed, as free men, to fight their captors by any means necessary.
1842 United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland}}

{ {Flag|Portugal|1830}} 		Bilateral treaty extending the enforcement of the slave trade ban to Portuguese ships south of the Equator.
Paraguay|1842}} Law for the gradual abolition of slavery passed.
1843 East India Company The Indian Slavery Act, 1843, Act V abolishes slavery in territories controlled by the Company.
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland}}

{ {Flag|Uruguay}} 		Bilateral treaties abolishing the slave trade.
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland}}

{ {Flag|Mexico|1824}}
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland}}

{ {Flag|Chile}}
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland}}

Bolivia
1844 Moldavia}} Mihail Sturdza abolishes slavery in Moldavia.
1845 United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland}} 36 Royal Navy ships assigned to the Anti-Slavery Squadron, making it one of the largest fleets in the world.
Illinois In Jarrot v. Jarrot, the Illinois Supreme Court frees the last indentured ex-slaves in the state who were born after the Northwest Ordinance.[36]
1846 Tunisia}} Slavery abolished under Ahmad I ibn Mustafa bey rule .
1847 Ottoman Empire}} Slave trade from Africa abolished.[37]
Saint Barthélemy Last slaves freed.
Pennsylvania}} The last indentured ex-slaves, born before 1780 (fewer than 100 in the 1840 census) are freed.
[[Bestand:Vlag {{{code}}}.png|20px|border|Vlag]] Danish West Indies Royal edict ruling the freedom of children born from female slaves and the total abolition of slavery after 12 years. Dissatisfaction causes a slave rebellion in Saint Croix the next year.
1848 [[Bestand:Vlag {{{code}}}.png|20px|border|Vlag]] Austria Serfdom abolished.[38][39][40]
French Second Republic}} Slavery abolished in the colonies. Gabon is founded as a settlement for emancipated slaves.
[[Bestand:Vlag {{{code}}}.png|20px|border|Vlag]] Danish West Indies Governor Peter von Scholten declares the immediate and total emancipation of all slaves in an attempt to end the slave revolt. For this he is recalled and tried for treason, but the charges are later dropped.
Denmark}} Last remains of the Stavnsbånd effectively abolished.
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland}}

[[Bestand:Vlag {{{code}}}.png|20px|border|Vlag]] Muscat and Oman 		Bilateral treaties abolishing the slave trade.
1849 United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland}}

{ {Flag|Trucial States}}
Maryland Harriet Tubman escapes from slavery in Dorchester County.
[[Bestand:Vlag {{{code}}}.png|20px|border|Vlag]] Sierra Leone The Royal Navy destroys the slave factory of Lomboko.
Date Jurisdiction Description
1850 United States|1848}} The Fugitive Slave Law of 1850 requires the return of escaped slaves to their owners regardless of the state they are in.
[[Bestand:Vlag {{{code}}}.png|20px|border|Vlag]] Brazil Eusébio de Queiróz Act (Law 581 of 4 September 1850) criminalizing the maritime slave trade as piracy, and imposing other criminal sanctions on the importation of slaves (already banned in 1831).
1851 [[Bestand:Vlag {{{code}}}.png|20px|border|Vlag]] Brazil

{ {Flag|Uruguay}}

Bilateral treaty of October 12, Uruguay accepts returning to Brazil the escaped slaves from that country. Brazilians who owned land in Uruguay were allowed to have slaves in their properties.
Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Slavery abolished along with opium, gambling, tobacco, alcohol, polygamy, prostitution, and foot binding.[41][42]
New Granada Slavery abolished.[30] After years of laws that only purported a partial advancement towards abolition, President José Hilario López pushed Congress to pass total abolition on May 21. Former owners were compensated with government issued bonds.[43]
Ecuador|1845}} Slavery abolished.[44]
Lagos Reduction of Lagos: The British attack the city and replace King Kosoko with Akitoye because of the former's refusal to ban the slave trade.
1852 [[Bestand:Vlag {{{code}}}.png|20px|border|Vlag]] Hawaii 1852 Constitution officially declared slavery illegal.[45]
United Kingdom}}

Lagos 		Bilateral treaty banning the slave trade and human sacrifice.
1853 [[Bestand:Vlag {{{code}}}.png|20px|border|Vlag]] Argentina Slavery abolished.[46]
1854 Peru|1825}} Slavery abolished.
Venezuela|1836}} Slavery abolished.
Ottoman Empire}} Trade of Circassian children banned.[bron?]
1855 Moldavia}} Slavery abolished.
1856 Wallachia}}
1857 United States|1851}} Dred Scott v. Sanford rules that black slaves and their descendants cannot gain American citizenship and that slaves are not entitled to freedom even if they live in a free state for years.
Egypt Firman banning the trade of Black African (Zanj) slaves.[bron?]
1858 Ottoman Empire}} Zanj slave trade banned in the Middle East, Balkans and Cyprus.[bron?]
1859 Atlantic Ocean Definitive suppression of the transatlantic slave trade.
United States|1859}} The Wyandotte Constitution establishes the future state of Kansas as a free state, after four years of armed conflict between pro-slavery and anti-slavery groups in the territory. Southern dominance in the Senate of the United States delays the admission of Kansas as a state until 1861.
Russia}} Kazakhs banned from having slaves, although slavery persists in some areas through the rest of the century.{{better source|date=July 2018}}
1860 British Raj}} Indian indenture system abolished.
United States|1859}} Last slave ship to unload illegally on U.S. territory, the Clotilda.
1861 Russia}} The Emancipation reform of 1861 abolishes serfdom.
United States|1861}} The election of Abraham Lincoln leads to the attempted secession of several slaveholding states and the American Civil War.
1862 United States|1861}}

{ {Flagcountry|United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland}} 		Bilateral treaty abolishing the slave trade (African Slave Trade Treaty Act).
[[Bestand:Vlag {{{code}}}.png|20px|border|Vlag]] Cuba Slave trade abolished.
United States|1861}} Nathaniel Gordon becomes the only person hanged in U.S. history "for being engaged in the slave trade".
1863 Netherlands}} Slavery abolished in the colonies, emancipating 33,000 slaves in Surinam, 12,000 in the Dutch Antilles, and an indeterminate number in Indonesia.
United States|1863}} Lincoln issues the Emancipation Proclamation, freeing all slaves in Confederate-controlled areas. Most slaves in "border states" are freed by state action, and a separate law frees the slaves in Washington, D.C.
[[Bestand:Vlag {{{code}}}.png|20px|border|Vlag]] Iceland Exemptions introduced to serfdom under the Vistarband system.
Chatham Islands}} Slavery abolished.[47]
1864 Congress Poland Serfdom abolished.
1865 United States|1865}} Slavery abolished by the Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, excluding convicted criminals. It affects 40,000 remaining slaves. Thirty out of thirty-six states vote to ratify it; New Jersey, Delaware, Kentucky, and Mississippi vote against.
Republic of Texas|1836|name=Texas}} Juneteenth: U.S. General Gordon Granger proclaims the end of slavery in Galveston.
Spain|1785}} Spanish Abolitionist Society founded in Madrid by Julio Vizcarrondo, José Julián Acosta and Joaquín Sanromá.
1866 [[Bestand:Vlag {{{code}}}.png|20px|border|Vlag]] Indian Territory Slavery abolished.[48] US government treaties with the "Five Civilized Tribes" in the Indian Territory (the Cherokee Nation, Choctaw Nation, Chickasaw Nation, Muscogee Nation, and Seminole Nation), which allied with the Confederacy, required all five tribes to abolish slavery for renewed US recognition of their governments.
Iowa Thirteenth Amendment ratified.
New Jersey}}
1867 Spain|1785}} Law of Repression and Punishment of the Slave Trade.
United States|1865}} Peonage Act of 1867, mostly targeting use of Native American peons in New Mexico Territory. Slavery among native tribes in Alaska was abolished after the purchase from Russia in 1867.[49]
1868 [[Bestand:Vlag {{{code}}}.png|20px|border|Vlag]] Cuba Carlos Manuel de Céspedes and other independence leaders free their slaves and proclaim the independence of Cuba, starting the Ten Years War.
1869 Portugal|1830}} Louis I abolishes slavery in all Portuguese territories and colonies.
1870 Spain|1785}} Amidst great opposition from the Cuban and Puerto Rican planters, Segismundo Moret drafts a "Law of Free Wombs" that frees children of slaves, slaves older than 65 years, and slaves serving in the Spanish Army, beginning in 1872.
Republic of Texas|1836|name=Texas}} Thirteenth Amendment ratified.
1871 [[Bestand:Vlag {{{code}}}.png|20px|border|Vlag]] Brazil Rio Branco Law (Law of Free Birth) makes the children born to slave mothers free.
Ottoman Empire}} Slave trade criminalized.[bron?]
Japan|1870}} Abolition of the han system or Japanese feudalism.
1873 Puerto Rico Slavery abolished.
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland}}

Zanzibar

Madagascar 		Triple treaty abolishing the slave trade.
1874 Gold Coast}} Slavery abolished.
1879 [[Bestand:Vlag {{{code}}}.png|20px|border|Vlag]] Bulgaria Slavery abolished with independence. The Constitution states that any slave that enters Bulgarian territory is immediately freed.
1882 Ottoman Empire}} A firman emancipates all slaves, white and black.
1884 Cambodia|1863}} Slavery abolished.
1885 [[Bestand:Vlag {{{code}}}.png|20px|border|Vlag]] Brazil Sexagenarians Law (a.k.a. Saraiva-Cotegipe Act) passed, freeing all slaves over the age of 60 and creating other measures for the gradual abolition of slavery, such as a Manumissions Fund administered by the State.
1886 [[Bestand:Vlag {{{code}}}.png|20px|border|Vlag]] Cuba Slavery abolished.
1888 [[Bestand:Vlag {{{code}}}.png|20px|border|Vlag]] Brazil Golden Law decreeing the total abolition of slavery with immediate effect, without indemnities to slave owners. The financial aid to the freedmen planned by the monarchy never takes place due to the 15 November 1889 military coup that establishes a Republic in the country.
1889 [[Bestand:Vlag {{{code}}}.png|20px|border|Vlag]] Italy An Italian court finds that Josephine Bakhita was never legally enslaved according to Italian, British, or Egyptian law and is a free woman.
1890 United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland}}

{ {Flag|France}}

[[Bestand:Vlag {{{code}}}.png|20px|border|Vlag]] Germany

{ {Flag|Portugal|1830}}

[[Bestand:Vlag {{{code}}}.png|20px|border|Vlag]] Congo

[[Bestand:Vlag {{{code}}}.png|20px|border|Vlag]] Italy

{ {Flag|Spain|1785}}

{ {Flag|Netherlands}}

{ {Flag|Belgium}}

{ {Flag|Russia}}

{ {Flag|Austria-Hungary}}

Sweden-Norway

{ {Flag|Denmark}}

{ {Flag|United States|1890}}

{ {Flag|Ottoman Empire}}

Zanzibar

Persia

Brussels Conference Act – a collection of anti-slavery measures to put an end to the slave trade on land and sea, especially in the Congo Basin, the Ottoman Empire, and the East African coast.
1894 [[Bestand:Vlag {{{code}}}.png|20px|border|Vlag]] Korea Slavery abolished, but it survives in practice until 1930.[50]
[[Bestand:Vlag {{{code}}}.png|20px|border|Vlag]] Iceland Vistarband effectively abolished (but not de jure).
1895 [[Bestand:Vlag {{{code}}}.png|20px|border|Vlag]] Taiwan Taiwan is annexed by Japan, where slavery has been abolished
1895 Egypt Slavery abolished.
Kingdom of Italy|name=Italian Somaliland}} First slaves freed
1896 Madagascar Slavery abolished.
1897 Zanzibar Slavery abolished.[51]
[[Bestand:Vlag {{{code}}}.png|20px|border|Vlag]] Siam Slave trade abolished.
[[Bestand:Vlag {{{code}}}.png|20px|border|Vlag]] Bassora Children of freedmen issued separate certificates of liberation to avoid enslavement and separation from their parents.[bron?]
1899 [[Bestand:Vlag {{{code}}}.png|20px|border|Vlag]] Ndzuwani Slavery abolished.

[[Categorie:Abolitionisme]]

  1. ↑ Denzinger, Heinrich P. (2012), Compendium of Creeds, Definitions, and Declarations on Matters of Faith and Morals. Ignatius Press, Santa Francisco, California, 367–8. ISBN 978-0-89870-746-5.
  2. ↑ David Eltis (25 July 2011), The Cambridge World History of Slavery: Volume 3, AD 1420 – AD 1804. Cambridge University Press, 142–143–326–327–331–332–333–602. ISBN 978-0-521-84068-2.
  3. ↑ Disappearance of Serfdom. France. England. Italy. Germany. Spain.. www.1902encyclopedia.com. Geraadpleegd op 21 March 2018.
  4. ↑ Seijas, Tatiana (23 June 2014), Asian Slaves in Colonial Mexico: From Chinos to Indians, pp. 36. ISBN 9781107063129. Geraadpleegd op 17 mei 2019.
  5. ↑ Dembkowski, Harry E. (1982), The union of Lublin, Polish federalism in the golden age. East European Monographs, 1982, pp. 271. ISBN 978-0-88033-009-1.
  6. ↑ Maria Suzette Fernandes Dias (2007), Legacies of slavery: comparative perspectives. Cambridge Scholars Publishing, pp. 71. ISBN 978-1-84718-111-4. Geraadpleegd op 14 juli 2010.
  7. ↑ Gary João de Pina-Cabral (2002), Between China and Europe: person, culture and emotion in Macao. Berg Publishers, pp. 114. ISBN 0-8264-5749-5. Geraadpleegd op 14 juli 2010.
  8. ↑ Gary João de Pina-Cabral (2002), Between China and Europe: person, culture and emotion in Macao. Berg Publishers, pp. 115. ISBN 0-8264-5749-5. Geraadpleegd op 14 juli 2010.
  9. ↑ Hellie, Richard (2009). "Slavery and serfdom in Russia". In Gleason, Abbott. A Companion to Russian History. Wiley Blackwell Companions to World History. 10. John Wiley & Sons. p. 110. ISBN 9781444308426. Retrieved 2015-09-14.
  10. ↑ (es) Valenzuela Márquez, Jaime (2009), Historias de racismo y discriminación en Chile, "Esclavos mapuches. Para una historia del secuestro y deportación de indígenas en la colonia", 234–236.
  11. ↑ Encyclopedia of Antislavery and Abolition. Greenwood Publishing Group (2011), 156. ISBN 9780313331435.
  12. ↑ Heward, Edmund (1979). Lord Mansfield: A Biography of William Murray 1st Earl of Mansfield 1705–1793 Lord Chief Justice for 32 years. p. 141. Chichester: Barry Rose (publishers) Ltd. ISBN 0-85992-163-8
  13. ↑ a b Andrea Major (2012), Slavery, Abolitionism and Empire in India, 1772-1843. Liverpool University Press, 52–55. ISBN 978-1-84631-758-3.
  14. ↑ Finkelman, Paul, The Abolition of The Slave Trade. New York Public Library (2007). Geraadpleegd op 25 June 2014.
  15. ↑ Constitution of Vermont (1777). State of Vermont (1777). Geraadpleegd op 7 June 2014.
  16. ↑ Lee Ann, Cox, UVM historian examines Vermont's mixed history of slavery and abolition.
  17. ↑ Slavery, freedom or perpetual servitude? – the Joseph Knight case. The National Archives of Scotland. Geraadpleegd op 5 July 2014.
  18. ↑ Historical survey > Slave societies. Britannica.com. Geraadpleegd op 28 augustus 2013.
  19. ↑ Viorel Achim, The Roma in Romanian History, Central European University Press, Budapest, 2004. ISBN 963-9241-84-9, p. 128
  20. ↑ Rodriguez, Junius P. (1997), The Historical encyclopedia of world slavery, Volume 1. ISBN 9780874368857. Geraadpleegd op 28 augustus 2013.
  21. ↑ Xuereb, Charles, "Slavery in Malta", Times of Malta, 10 april 2007. Geraadpleegd op 12 February 2015.
  22. ↑ David N. Gellman (2008), Emancipating New York: The Politics of Slavery and Freedom, 1777–1827. LSU Press, 2, 215. ISBN 9780807134658.
  23. ↑ Kantowicz, Edward R. (1975), Polish-American politics in Chicago, 1888–1940. University of Chicago Press, 6. ISBN 978-0-226-42380-7. Geraadpleegd op 30 January 2012.
  24. ↑ Woodward, Augustus, Slavery in the Northwest Territory. Leelanau Communications, Inc. Geraadpleegd op 10 september 2012.
  25. ↑ Jean Allain (2012), The Legal Understanding of Slavery: From the Historical to the Contemporary, pp. 121. ISBN 9780199660469.
  26. ↑ Carole Elizabeth Boyce Davies (2008), Encyclopedia of the African Diaspora: vol 1, pp. 95. ISBN 9781851097050.
  27. ↑ Mark Jarrett (2014), The Congress of Vienna and its Legacy, pp. 144. ISBN 9781784530563.
  28. ↑ Levin, Stephenie Seto (1968). The Overthrow of the Kapu System in Hawaii. Journal of the Polynesian Society 77: 402–430 (Polynesian Society: Wellington, NZ)​.
  29. ↑ Slavery- A Timeline.
  30. ↑ a b Aguilera, Miguel (1965), La Legislacion y el derecho en Colombia. Lemer, Bogota, 428–442.
  31. ↑ David N. Gellman (2008), Emancipating New York: The Politics of Slavery and Freedom, 1777–1827, 2, 215. ISBN 9780807134658.
  32. ↑ Alwyn Barr (1996), Black Texans: A History of African Americans in Texas, 1528–1995, pp. 15. ISBN 9780806128788.
  33. ↑ Oldfield, Dr John, British Anti-slavery. BBC History. BBC (February 17, 2011). Geraadpleegd op January 2, 2017. "the new legislation called for the gradual abolition of slavery. Everyone over the age of six on August 1, 1834, when the law went into effect, was required to serve an apprenticeship of four years in the case of domestics and six years in the case of field hands"
  34. ↑ Serbian: Сретењски устав – Устав Књажества Сербије. Gearchiveerd op 4 October 2013. Geraadpleegd op 10 juni 2013.
  35. ↑ Slavery in Colonial Times (2010).
  36. ↑ Dexter, Darrel, Slavery In Illinois: How and Why the Underground Railroad Existed. Freedom Trails: Legacies of Hope. Illinois Freedom Trail Commission (2004). Gearchiveerd op 4 February 2016. Geraadpleegd op 6 February 2016.
  37. ↑ Ehûd R. Tôledānô (1998), Slavery and Abolition in the Ottoman Middle East, pp. 11. ISBN 9780295802428.
  38. ↑ Anderson, Kevin (15 May 2010), Marx at the margins: on nationalism, ethnicity, and non-western societies. University of Chicago Press, pp. 77. ISBN 978-0-226-01983-3. Geraadpleegd op 30 January 2012.
  39. ↑ Smith, William Frank (November 2010), Catholic Church Milestones: People and Events That Shaped the Institutional Church. Dog Ear Publishing, pp. 65. ISBN 978-1-60844-821-0. Geraadpleegd op 30 January 2012.
  40. ↑ Kamusella, Tomasz (2007), Silesia and Central European nationalisms: the emergence of national and ethnic groups in Prussian Silesia and Austrian Silesia, 1848–1918. Purdue University Press, pp. 73. ISBN 978-1-55753-371-5. Geraadpleegd op 30 January 2012.
  41. ↑ Chinese Cultural Studies: The Taiping Rebellion, 1851-1864. Gearchiveerd op 1 december 2015. Geraadpleegd op 25 november 2015.
  42. ↑ Hays, Jeffrey, TAIPING REBELLION – Facts and Details. factsanddetails.com. Geraadpleegd op 21 March 2018.
  43. ↑ Tovar Pinzón, Hermes, "La manumisión de esclavos en Colombia, 1809- 1851, Aspectos sociales, económicos y políticos", Revista Credencial, November 1994. Geraadpleegd op 20 april 2020.
  44. ↑ Esclavitud – Historia del Ecuador – Enciclopedia Del Ecuador. enciclopediadelecuador.com (28 March 2016). Geraadpleegd op 21 March 2018.
  45. ↑ Wong, Helen (1987), Hawaii's Royal History. Bess Press, Honolulu, pp. 101. ISBN 978-0-935848-48-9.
  46. ↑ Robert J. Cottrol (2013), The Long, Lingering Shadow: Slavery, Race, and Law in the American Hemisphere. University of Georgia Press, pp. 121. ISBN 9780820344058.
  47. ↑ "Moriori - The impact of new arrivals". Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand.
  48. ↑ Hornsby, Jr., Alton (2008), A Companion to African-American History, pp. 127. ISBN 9781405137355. Geraadpleegd op 28 augustus 2013.
  49. ↑ Leland Donald (1997), Aboriginal Slavery on the Northwest Coast of North America, pp. 244. ISBN 9780520918115.
  50. ↑ Junius P. Rodriguez (1997), The Historical Encyclopedia of World Slavery. ABC-CLIO, xxiii.
  51. ↑ Swahili Coast. National Geographic (17 oktober 2002). Geraadpleegd op 28 augustus 2013.
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